8620 is a medium carbon steel with 0.2% to 0.25% carbon content. It has good strength and hardness with moderate ductility.
The main alloying elements in 8620 steel are carbon, manganese and silicon. Phosphorus and sulfur levels are usually kept low to maximize properties.
8620 steel has a tensile strength ranging from 120 to 200 ksi, depending on heat treatment and other processing. It can be hardened and tempered to achieve different combinations of strength, hardness and toughness.
This grade of carbon steel is often used for parts that require good wear resistance, as the higher carbon content contributes to hardness. It is suitable for machined components, shafts, and other applications where durability is important.
8620 carbon steel responds well to austempering heat treatment which imparts distinctive properties like high retained austenite and excellent impact resistance. This makes it useful for automotive and off-road equipment parts.
Due to its medium carbon content, 8620 steel has fairly good weldability. Preheating is recommended for thicker sections to avoid cracking during welding and subsequent heat treatment may be performed. As a carbon steel, 8620 has less corrosion resistance than alloy steels and requires protective coatings for outdoor applications.
| Element | Percentage |
| C | 0.18 - 0.23 |
| Cr | 0.4 - 0.6 |
| Fe | 96.9 - 98.02 |
| Mn | 0.7 - 0.9 |
| Mo | 0.15 - 0.25 |
| Ni | 0.4 - 0.7 |
| P | 0.035 max |
| Si | 0.15 - 0.35 |
| S | 0.04 max |
| Density | 0.284 lb/in3 |
| Ultimate Tensile Strength | 92 ksi |
| Yield Tensile Strength | 52 ksi |
| Shear Strength | 59 ksi |
| Shear Modulus | 11.6 ksi |
| Hardness Rockwell | Brinell | B89 | 183 |
| Elongation at Break Percentage | 26% |
| Modulus of Elasticity | 30,000 ksi |
| Reduction of Area Percentage | 60% |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 |
| Machinability Percentage | 65% |
| Melting Point | 2,580-2,650 °F |
| Specific Heat | 1.14 x 10^-1 BTU/lb-°F |
| Thermal Conductivity | 323 BTU-in/hr-ft^2-°F |
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